Using Films
Many program packages are still shot entirely on film for TV transmission; but film is being used less and less in the actual television production process.
Directing techniques
Film is invariably shot with a single camera, one setup at a time. Because results can only be confirmed after processing, filming relies on careful measurements (exposure and color temperature) and subsequent grading by film labs. Multi-takes and repeated action provide greater editing flexibility. (Only around 1/10 to 1/20 of the material shot is actually used – a 10:1-20:1 shooting ratio.) The optical viewfinder of some film cameras includes a tiny video camera, which allows shots to be checked on a nearby picture monitor. But the director is always ...
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