e-Learning and the Science of Instruction: Proven Guidelines for Consumers and Designers of Multimedia Learning

5.5. When the Modality Principle Applies

Does the modality principle mean that you should never use printed text? The simple answer to this question is: Of course not. We do not intend for you to use our recommendations as unbending rules that must be rigidly applied in all situations. Instead, we encourage you to apply our principles in ways that are consistent with the way that the human mind works—that is, consistent with the cognitive theory of multimedia learning rather than the information delivery theory. As noted earlier, the modality principle applies in situations in which you present graphics and their verbal commentary at the same time, and particularly when the material is complex and presented at a rapid continuous pace. If the ...