1 INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE OF BOOK

1.1 NATURE OF ACCOUNTING LITERATURE AND PERTINENT PRONOUNCEMENTS

Under both U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) there is no all inclusive general standard on stockholders' equity. Instead, authoritative literature on this subject consists of concepts from the FASB and the IASB frameworks and standards that apply to specific types of transactions or events or items in financial statements that affect stockholders' equity.

The principal accounting pronouncements, under U.S. GAAP, SEC guidance, and IFRSs respectively, are listed in Worksheet 80, grouped per specific category.

Starting from July 1, 2010, the International Accounting Standards Committee Foundation (IASCF) became the IFRS Foundation. The International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee (IFRIC) had changed its name into the IFRS Interpretations Committee. The IASB had renamed its website as IFRS.org. The Accounting Standards Executive Committee (AcSEC) recently became the Financial Reporting Executive Committee (FinREC). This Book maintains the above original names for all references.

1.2 PERSPECTIVES AND MAJOR IMPLICATIONS OF THE CONCEPT OF EQUITY

Accounting for stockholders' equity refers to the recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of equity on a company's financial statements. Along with such meaning, the Book particularly adopts the perspective of a comparative study, by means of criticism ...

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