CHAPTER 22

Measurement Process: Statistical Concepts

None plan to fail;but most fail to planPlan the work,Work the plan

– Anonymous

SYNOPSIS

Measurement process is like a manufacturing process affected by variation due to ‘common’ and ‘special’ causes. Based on this understanding, the concepts of ‘bias’ and ‘precision’ are developed. Both are essential for ‘calibration’ of an instrument. Precision termed more ‘precisely’ as gage R&R is the basis for determining the suitability of an instrument for any application to ensure that the data on measurements are not influenced by instrument variation.

Measurement system ‘ideal’ but measurements are not identical

One is familiar with making measurements. An experience commonly found by anyone accustomed ...

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