Chapter 12

1. Quoted in Gail Omvedt, Reinventing Revolution (Armok: N. E. Sharpe, 1993), p. xi.

2. However, this in no way means that political parties were not representing people’s interest, it is just that political parties were more interested in gaining power by politicizing people’s issues. Thus, we find various coalitions or even providing reservation to certain castes or groups without really doing much at the concrete level.

3. See Neera Chandhoke, ‘Revisiting the Crisis of Representation Thesis: The Indian Context’, Democratization, 12 (3), June 2005: 308–30.

4. Ibid.

5. The term ‘new social movement’ first appeared in Western society, in the wake of the post-World War II scenario and the Vietnam War in the 1960s.

6. Chandhoke, ‘Revisiting ...

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