Chapter 14The Three D’s of Procedural Literacy:Developing, Demonstrating, and Documenting Layered Literacies with Valve’s Steam for Schools

Jason Custer

Initially serving as a compilation of the acclaimed game Half Life 2 and its subsequent expansions Half Life 2: Episode 1 and Half Life 2: Episode 2, Valve’s Orange Box also introduced players to Team Fortress 2 and Portal. The impact of these latter releases continues in a variety of contexts, including the massive success of Team Fortress 2’s switch to a free-to-play model that yields reports of students paying for portions of their college tuition using in-game objects (Hernandez). Portal, meanwhile, earned several game of the year awards for its unique physics puzzle-based twist on the classic ...

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