Hypothesis testing
In the previous chapter, we introduced hypothesis testing as a means to quantify the probability that a given hypothesis (such as that the two samples were from a single population) is true. We will use the same process to quantify the probability that a correlation exists in the wider population based on our sample.
First, we must formulate two hypotheses, a null hypothesis and an alternate hypothesis:
H0 is the hypothesis that the population correlation is zero. In other words, our conservative view is that the measured correlation ...
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