Host IPv4 Routing Logic
The IPv4 routing process starts with the host that creates the IP packet. After the host has created the IP packet, the host asks this question: Is the destination IP address of this new packet in my local subnet? The host uses its own IP address/mask to determine the range of addresses in the local subnet, compares that range to the destination IP address, and then chooses as follows:
1. If the destination is local, send directly:
A. Find the destination host’s MAC address. Use the already-known Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) table entry, or use ARP messages to learn the information.
B. Encapsulate the IP packet in ...
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