Chapter 37
Batteries
Battery power is mainly used for portability or stand-by (float) purposes. All batteries operate on one or another variant of the principle of electrochemical reaction, in which anode (negative) and cathode (positive) terminals are separated by an electrolyte, which is the vehicle for the reaction. This basic arrangement forms a “cell,” and a battery consists of one or more cells. The chemistry of the materials involved is such that a potential is developed between the electrodes which is capable of sustaining a discharge current. The voltage output of a particular cell type is a complex function of time, temperature, discharge history and state of charge.
The basic distinction is between primary (nonrechargeable) ...
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