Field-programmable gate arrays are given this name because they are structured very much like a gate array ASIC. Like an ASIC, the FPGA consists of a regular array of logic, an architecture that lends itself to very complex designs.
Each FPGA vendor has its own FPGA architecture, but in general terms they are all a variation of that shown in Figure 29.1. The architecture consists of configurable logic blocks, configurable I/O blocks, and programmable interconnect to route signals between the logic blocks and I/O blocks. Also, there is clock circuitry for driving the clock signals to each flip-flop in each logic block. Additional logic resources such as ALUs, memory, ...
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