Cisco Express Forwarding
Much of the literature on router architecture divides router functions into three operational planes:
Management plane: The management plane is concerned with the management of the device. For example, an administrator connecting to a router through a Secure Shell (SSH) connection through one of the router’s VTY lines would be a management plane operation.
Control plane: The control plane is concerned with making packet-forwarding decisions. For example, routing protocol operation would be a control plane function.
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