Contents

Chapter 2 Variables and Basic Types

Chapter 3 Strings, Vectors, and Arrays

Chapter 4 Expressions

Chapter 5 Statements

Chapter 6 Functions

Chapter 7 Classes

Every widely used programming language provides a common set of features, which differ in detail from one language to another. Understanding the details of how a language provides these features is the first step toward understanding the language. Among the most fundamental of these common features are

• Built-in types such as integers, characters, and so forth

• Variables, which let us give names to the objects we use

• Expressions and statements to manipulate values of these types

• Control structures, such as if or while, that allow us to conditionally or repeatedly execute a set ...

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