A heap is another variant of a tree, which exists in two versions, namely min-heap and max-heap. For each of them, the additional property must be satisfied. For the min-heap, the value of each node must be greater than or equal to the value of its parent node. For the max-heap, the value of each node must be less than or equal to the value of its parent node. The mentioned rule performs the crucial role of ensuring that the root node always contains the smallest (in the min-heap) or the largest (in the max-heap) value. For this reason, it is a very convenient data structure for implementing a priority queue.
The heaps exist in many variants, including binary heaps, which must also maintain the complete binary tree rule, that is, each ...
