Further reading

Mehrabian, A. (1981) Silent Messages: Implicit communication of emotions and attitudes. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

Remland, M.S. and Jones, T.S. (2005) ‘Interpersonal distance, body orientation, and touch: The effect of culture, gender and age’, Journal of Social Psychology, 135, 281–97.

Savitsky, K., Keysar, B., Epley, N., Carter, T. and Swanson, A. (2011) ‘The closeness–communication bias: Increased egocentrism among friends versus strangers’, Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 47(1), 269.

Ting-Toomey, S. (1999) Communicating Across Cultures. New York: Guilford Press.

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