After a peer combines a set of transactions into a block, which, depending on the network parameter, it can choose itself, for example, based on the incentive it receives, the block first needs to be validated by the majority of the network in order to be added to the blockchain. This is done by the consensus layer of the architecture. There are many forms of validation, or consensus methods. As I explained in Chapter 4, Blockchain 101 - Blocks, Chains, and Consensus, these consensus methods each work differently and can have different values for matching parameters. For example, the number of nodes available to reach consensus can be as little as 51%, but with some methods, such as the Practical Byzantine ...
Validating and verifying a block
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