Bistatic SAR/GISAR/FISAR Geometry, Signal Models and Imaging Algorithms

2

BSAR Geometry

Topologies of bistatic synthetic aperture radar (BSAR) scenario are considered in this chapter. Emphasis is put on different geometries of bistatic generalized inverse synthetic aperture radars (BGISAR), multistatic BSAR and bistatic forward inverse synthetic aperture radar (BFISAR) scenarios. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) are instruments for target imaging. SAR utilizes movement of the radar carrier while ISAR utilizes displacement of the target in order to realize azimuth resolution. If the radar carrier and target are moving simultaneously, it can be referred to as a generalized ISAR system. In bistatic radar topology, the positions of the transmitter and receiver are different. If one or both of them are moving while the target is stationary, the system can be referred to as BSAR. If the target is moving while the transmitter and receiver are stationary, the system can be referred to as bistatic inverse synthetic aperture radar (BISAR). While the bistatic angle, the angle between transmitter-target line and target-receiver line, is closed to 180°, the system can be referred to as BFISAR [LAZ 11b]. In cases where all components of the BSAR scenario (receiver, transmitter and target) move simultaneously, or one of either the transmitter or receiver is stationary while the target is moving, the system can be referred to as the class of BGISAR.

2.1. BGISAR geometry and kinematics

The BGISAR scenario is illustrated in ...