The Role of Google
Although Android is officially the brainchild of the Open Handset Alliance, Google is the clear leader when it comes to implementing Android itself, as well as providing the necessary ecosystem for it to grow.
The Android Open Source Project
Google's efforts are summarized in the Android Open Source Project. Most of the code is licensed under Apache License 2, which is very open and nonrestrictive compared to other open source licenses, such as the GNU General Public License (GPL). Everyone is free to use this source code to build their own systems. However, systems that are proclaimed Android compatible first have to pass the Android Compatibility Program, a process ensuring baseline compatibility with third-party applications ...
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