An infinite loop can be written using the true builtin with a while statement:
while true ; do
printf 'Infinite loop!\n'
sleep 1
done
The preceding code will print the "Infinite loop!" string followed be a newline endlessly, waiting for a second after each print. You can press Ctrl + C to stop the loop. The loop will never terminate on its own, because the true builtin in Bash always exits with status 0 (success), by design.
You will sometimes see the colon builtin, :, used instead of true; the effect is the same. You may find true is easier to read.
An infinite loop may not seem very useful at first, especially given Bash is not an event-driven or functional language that might require an event loop. There are still situations ...
