6.5. Use Case Types and Formats
Black-Box Use Cases and System Responsibilities
Black-box use cases are the most common and recommended kind; they do not describe the internal workings of the system, its components, or design. Rather, the system is described as having responsibilities, which is a common unifying metaphorical theme in object-oriented thinking—software elements have responsibilities and collaborate with other elements that have responsibilities.
By defining system responsibilities with black-box use cases, it is possible to specify what the system must do (the functional requirements) without deciding how it will do it (the design). Indeed, the definition of “analysis” versus “design” is sometimes summarized as “what” versus “how.” ...
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