Chapter 8. Convergence Problems and Error Messages

Chapter Outline

8.1. Common Error Messages115
8.2. Establishing a Bias Point116
8.3. Convergence Issues117
8.4. Simulation Settings Options118
8.5. Exercises120
Exercise 1120
Exercise 2121
Exercise 3121
Exercise 4122
PSpice uses the Newton–Raphson iteration method to calculate the nodal voltages and currents for non-linear circuit equations. The algorithm will start off with an initial ‘guess’ to the solution and perform an iterative process until the voltages and currents converge to a consistent solution. As discussed in Chapter 7, at every time step, the node voltages and currents are calculated and compared to the previous time step DC solution. Only when the difference between two DC solutions ...

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