Circuit techniques for clock sources
Jim Williams
Almost all digital or communication systems require some form of clock source. Generating accurate and stable clock signals is often a difficult design problem.
Quartz crystals are the basis for most clock sources. The combination of high Q, stability vs time and temperature, and wide available frequency range make crystals a price-performance bargain. Unfortunately, relatively little information has appeared on circuitry for crystals and engineers often view crystal circuitry as a black art, best left to a few skilled practitioners (see box, “About Quartz Crystals”).
In fact, the highest performance crystal clock circuitry does demand a variety of complex considerations and subtle ...
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