Introduction

If you have studied economics, you have seen the difference between tactical and strategic planning. During the 1980s, the tactical window of actions was three to five years of planning, whereas strategic planning was beyond five years, up to ten. After the information age took off during the 1990s, the rate of change with all its side effects significantly reduced this planning window, and software development cycles decreased. By now, I don’t think that you will find any organization that plans in the cycles of the 1980s anymore, especially not in the information technology sector. As a matter of fact, I have heard managers tell me the joke, “Tactical is what you do today; strategy is when you plan for tomorrow.” As with many jokes, ...

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