Chapter 3. Redundancy

A single point of failure is any device, interface on a device, or link that can isolate users from the services they depend on if it fails. Networks that follow a strong, hierarchical model tend to have many single points of failure because of the emphasis on summarization points and clean points of entry between the network layers. For example, in a strict hierarchical network, such as the one depicted in Figure 3-1, every device and every link is a single point of failure.

Figure 3-1. Every Device and Link in This Network Is a Single Point of Failure

However, this network will be safe if it's protected by dial backup. ...

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