Foreword

The First Photographers had to design and build their own cameras. As photography caught on, the needs of professional photographers stimulated camera design innovations. Fifty years passed before George Eastman designed the Kodak camera for a much wider community of users. It took another century for camera designers to include high-tech universal usability features such as automatic aperture settings and autofocus. These features enabled most users to produce quality images reliably. This story has an amazingly successful outcome: cameras are used in 96% of American households today. And now, as digital cameras and cell phones with cameras have become popular, photos will become even more ubiquitous.

Similarly, the first Web site builders ...

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