1. Introduction

Nuclear technologies lie close to the heart of the post-Second World War Zeitgeist. They give us the Bomb and nuclear power, which shaped, and were shaped by, sociopolitical change, including mass protest. The power of the atom challenges technocratic notions of: utilitarianism, several domains of ethics, political philosophy, and the impact of technology on society. Nuclear science has made numerous contributions to medicine for diagnosis and therapy. However, here we shall restrict discussion to the domains most closely connected to the core of nuclear science – fission.

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