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The Bioink

Abstract

This chapter presents “bioink,” bioprintable materials used in three-dimensional bioprinting processes, where cells and other biologics are deposited in a spatially controlled pattern to fabricate living tissues and organs. It discusses existing bioink types including hydrogels, cell aggregates, microcarriers, and decellularized matrix components and expounds the bioink requirements in extrusion-, droplet-, and laser-based bioprinting processes. A detailed comparison of these bioink materials is conducted in terms of supporting bioprinting modalities and bioprintability, biomimicry, resolution, affordability, scalability, practicality, mechanical and structural integrity, bioprinting and postbioprinting maturation times, degradation ...

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