Conventions Used in This Book

The following typographical conventions are used in this book:

Italic

Indicates new terms, URLs, email addresses, filenames, file extensions, pathnames, and directories

Constant width

Indicates commands, options, variables, attributes, keys, functions, classes, methods, modules, properties, parameters, values, objects, the contents of files, XML documents, HTML documents, and the output from commands

Constant width bold

Shows commands and other text that should be typed literally by the user

Constant width italic

Indicates the author’s emphasis within the output from commands, and commands entered in a Linux console

Tip

This icon signifies a tip, suggestion, or general note.

Warning

This icon indicates a warning or caution.

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