Chapter 8. More Control Statements
Grammar, which knows how to control even kings...
for Statement
The for statement allows the programmer to execute a block of code for a specified number of times. The general form of the for statement is:
for (initial-statement
;condition
;iteration-statement
)body-statement
;
This statement is equivalent to:
initial-statement
; while (condition
) {body-statement
;iteration-statement
; }
For example, Example 8-1 uses a while loop to add five numbers.
#include <stdio.h> int total; /* total of all the numbers */ int current; /* current value from the user */ int counter; /* while loop counter */ char line[80]; /* Line from keyboard */ int main() { total = 0; counter = 0; while (counter < 5) { printf("Number? "); fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin); sscanf(line, "%d", ¤t); total += current; ++counter; } printf("The grand total is %d\n", total); return (0); }
The same program can be rewritten using a for statement as shown in Example 8-2.
#include <stdio.h> int total; /* total of all the numbers */ int current; /* current value from the user */ int counter; /* for loop counter */ char line[80]; /* Input from keyboard */ int main() { total = 0; for (counter = 0; counter < 5; ++counter) { printf("Number? "); fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin); sscanf(line, "%d", ¤t); total += current; } printf("The grand total is %d\n", total); return (0); }
Note that counter
goes from to 4. Ordinarily, ...
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