Formatting Messages
Problem
Messages may need to be formatted differently in different languages.
Solution
Use a MessageFormat
object.
Discussion
In English, for example, we say “file not found.” But in
other languages the word order is different: the word for “not
found” might need to precede the word for “file.”
Java provides for this using the
MessageFormat
class. Suppose we want to format a
message as follows:
$ java MessageFormatDemoIntl At 3:33:02 PM on 01-Jul-00, myfile.txt could not be opened. $ java -Duser.language=es MessageFormatDemoIntl A 3:34:49 PM sobre 01-Jul-00, no se puede abrir la fila myfile.txt. $
The MessageFormat
in its simplest form takes a
format string with a series of numeric indexes, and an array of
objects to be formatted. The objects are inserted into the resulting
string, where the given array index appears. Here is a simple example
of a
MessageFormat
in action:
import java.text.*; public class MessageFormatDemo { static Object[] data = { new java.util.Date( ), "myfile.txt", "could not be opened" }; public static void main(String[] args) { String result = MessageFormat.format( "At {0,time} on {0,date}, {1} {2}.", data); System.out.println(result); } }
But we still need to internationalize this, so we’ll add some lines to our widget’s properties files. In the default (English) version:
# These are for MessageFormatDemo # filedialogs.cantopen.string=could not be opened filedialogs.cantopen.format=At {0,time} on {0,date}, {1} {2}.
In the Spanish version, ...
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